• According to the extent to which bone continuity is disrupted, fractures can be divided into incomplete fractures and complete fractures.
· Principle of treatment: When external fixation is used, the joints at both ends of the fracture should be fixed. If the calf is broken, the external fixation should be from the lower third of the thigh to the toe (only the toe is exposed _). In accordance with anatomical requirements, the joint movement, especially the rotational movement, is restricted to avoid the displacement of the bone end.
· Within 1 week of external fixation, due to local swelling and growth, the broken ends of the bone are still prone to displacement. Must be closely observed and dealt with in a timely manner.
First, the clavicle fracture
· The clavicle fracture occurs in the middle third. More caused by indirect violence. Adults are mostly short oblique fractures. Children can have broken branches.
· Clavicular fractures are almost non-surgical.
· The green branch fracture can only be suspended with a triangle for 3 weeks.
· After the reduction of the fracture, the horizontal "8" bandage is combined with the long strip of tape to fix it (Fig. 1-8:7): a soft round pad is placed on both sides of the armpit, and a wide bandage is used. Suffering from the shoulder, through the back and the opposite side, down to the front of the shoulder, and back from the back to the affected side and then bypass the affected side of the shoulder, so repeated 5 to 7 layers. Finally, a strip of tape having a width of about 1 cm is used, and the tape is stretched and fixed one turn according to the above route.
· After external fixation, you should always maintain a chest and shoulder posture. Do a fist, elbow flexion and extension of the shoulders. Should be in a supine position when lying in bed. Pillow in the shoulder area. Extend the shoulders and remove the external fixation after 3 to 4 weeks.
Second, the scapula fracture
·Shoulder fractures have almost no surgical indications and can be treated non-surgically. That is, it is fixed with a strip of wide tape or a plaster bandage (Fig. 1-8-8).
three. Rib fractures
· A single rib fracture is usually fixed with a chest wall tape (Figures 1-8-9).
· Multiple rib fractures, the chest wall softening range is smaller. In addition to pain relief, only a thick dressing is required to cover the chest wall softening zone, and then adhesive tape is fixed.